The World Demographic Evolution and their Impact on Economic Growth

Angelica BĂCESCU – CĂRBUNARU, Professor, PhD (email: mihaela.carbunaru@csie.ase.ro)
The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Corresponding member of the Romanian Academy of Scientists

Abstract

The paper aims to reveal the main aspects of the global demographic evolution between 1800-2017 and the prospect until 2100, as well as the shocks recorded in different parts of the globe. The analysis begins with the real view of the demographic situation of the world population of the twentieth century. The increase in population is quite fast, but the share of the population in the continents should not be neglected, so that Europe has a quarter of the world’s population at the end of the 20th century, and today holds only 10%. Demographic expansion and economic development have evolved interactively by mutually reinforcing, which continued throughout the 21st century. The impact of demographic shock on growth is evident in the economic evolution of the most populous countries like China and India. In conclusion, local and planetary sustainable development policies and programs require food, housing, health care, education, transport and infrastructure, social organization, entertainment, security, etc., which implies an integration of the demographic evolution with the economic evolution.

Keywords: demographic evolution, economic growth, variables of the demographic evolution, economic growth indicators, development policies
JEL classification: J11, J16, O11, O47

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Romanian Statistical Review 1/2019